Parenting esteem styles in the development of adolescent self-in an educational institution in Peru, 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Parenting styles are the behaviors that parents adopt in raising their children, and these contribute to emotional development, especially in the formation of self-esteem during adolescence. Objective: To describe parenting styles in the development of self-esteem among first-year secondary school students at Educational Institution No. 16006 Cristo Rey Fila Alta, Jaén - Cajamarca. Methods: The study was non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive. The sample consisted of 105 parents and 105 adolescents, selected through stratified probabilistic sampling. To study the variable "parenting style levels," a questionnaire was used, which presented a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.9; and for the variable "self-esteem," the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was applied, with a reliability of 0.86. Results: Adolescents raised under a consistently democratic parenting style (34.3%), often authoritarian (39%), rarely permissive (78.1%), and consistently negligent (61.9%) showed a tendency to develop low levels of self-esteem (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The adolescents evaluated mostly presented low levels of self-esteem, with no significant differences according to the parenting style received.